Car-truck.



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No. 692,499. K, w. s. G. BAKER.

Patented Feb. 4, |902.

C A R T R U C K.

[Application 1ed Feb. 25, 1899.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

Pa'nted Feb. 4,1902. W. S. G. BAKER. l

GAR. TRUCK.

(Application filed Feb. 25, 1899.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(N0 Mo'del.)

Patented Feb. 4, |902.

W. S. G. BAKER.

CAR TRUCK.

(Application led Feb. 25, 1899.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

No. 692,499. Patented Feb. 4, 1902.

w. S. G. BAKER.

GAR Tauck.

(Application led Feb. 25, 1899.)

um Model.) 5 sheets-sheet 5.

` im., mmmlllllumm l UNrrn- STATES PATENT Clarion.

WILLIAM SEBASTIAN GROFF BAKER, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

CAR-TRUCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 692,499, dated February 4, 1902. Application iiled February 25, 1899. Serial No. 706,852. (No model.)

T0 all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, VILLIAM SEBASTIAN GROFF BAKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car-Trucks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to trucks known as center-bearing truckssuch as shown, for instance, in my Patent No. 552,298, of January 21, 1896. In these trucks a transverse bolster is located between the wheels and below the car-body is pivot-ally connected with it. The bolster is supported by springs carried by the side frames of the truck, and the brakes are applied by mechanism which accommodates itself to the particular angle at which the truck maybe relatively to the carbody when the brakes are applied.

My patent above referred to shows the four wheels of the truck as being of the same diameter. Present usage requires for some classes of trucks when maximum traction is desired that two of the wheels, known as drivers,should be ofa larger diameter than the others.

The object of my present invention is to iinprove trucks of this kind so supporting the bolster on the truck-frame as to cause a large portion of the weight-say sixty-six per cent-to be borne bythe driving-wheels and so arranging the brake mechanism that a large part of the braking powersay seventy per cent-shall be applied to the drivers.

My invention also comprehends an improved way of supporting the motor, improved means for pivotally connecting the car-body with the bolster, and certain improvements in the details of construction of the brake mechanism andthe structure of the truck, which will be hereinafter fully described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure -l shows a side elevation of a car-truck embodying my improvements, a portion of the carbody being also shown to illustrate the manner in which it is supported on the truck. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the truck. Fig. 3 is a transverse section, on an enlarged scale and on the line 3 3 of Figs. l and 2, looking in the direction of the arrows. Some of the parts are broken away in order to better illustrate other parts. Fig. 4 is a detail view, being in horizontal section on the line Il 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale and in longitudinal section, on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detail view, on an 'enlarged scale andin longitudinal section, on the line G 6 of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale, of the swivel-segments. The paris are shown partly in side elevation and partly in section. Fig. S is a plan view of the same. Fig. S) is a detail view showing a portion of one of the chafc-plates employed. Fig. l0 is a view, on an enlarged scale, showing the manner in which the truckframes may be supported on the axle-boxes. This View shows a front elevation of the axlebox and the spring-support carried thereby, as well as the pedestal of the side frame in which the axle-box is mounted. Fig. ll is a side elevation of the same, some of the parts being broken away and some shown in section.

The driving-wheels A are of larger diameter than the wheels B, and each set of wheels has its axle mounted in suitable axle-boxes C C', Which are arranged to move vertically in pedestals d d in the side frames D. The axle B `of the wheels B being somewhatlower than that of the wheels A the pedestals d of this axle depend from the side frames, while the pedestals for the axle A of the wheels A ex tend upwardly from the side frames. The side frames have housings E E for springs which rest on the axle-boxes, the entire load being supported by these springs. The life-guard F is secu red to the end of the side frames below the motor-supporting frame G. This frame consists of a flat metal bar bent into U form with its ends bolted to the side frames of the truck outside the axle A.

The side frames D,it will be observed,project only a short distancebeyond the axle of the drivers and the inclined portions of the frame commence to extend inwardly toward the longitudinal axis of the truck about in line with the front of the wheels. By this arrangement the frame G is prevented from projecting outside of the car-body when passinga curve, andthus there will be no liability of its coming into contact with the side steps of open cars at such times.

The motor His hung on the axle A ofthe IOO drivers, and it is also supported by a yoke l, the middle portion of which is attached to the motor by securing devices t', while the ends of the yoke are swiveled to vertical bolts J, which extend through castings K, secured to opposite sides of the frame G at the bends of the frame where the front part g joins the inclined side portions g'. These castings are formed with housings c for springs K', which are arranged above and below partitions 7c between the housings. The lower ends ofthe bolts are provided with adji1sting-nntsj,tl1e arrangement being such that the motor-supporting vokeiscushioned while moving either upwardly or downwardly.

The bolster L is preferably constructed of two plates ZZ', bolted together. The lower plate Z is straight, while the upper one inn clines at its opposite ends, the middle portion being held elevated away from the plate Z by bolts and thimbles Z2. The opposite ends of the plates liel close together and are secured between clamp-castings Z3. The lower castings are each formed with a post L2,which projects downwardly between the plates forming the side frames immediately below it. The posts are arranged to move freely vertt cally between the plates, being guided thereby, and also guided by filling pieces L3, bolted between the plates. 'lhe upper castings Z2 are each formed with a bearing-bracket M, in which are mounted antifriction-rollers m, which are ot' a conical form, their axes being inclined relatively to the longitudinal axis of the truck and being arranged radially with reference to the swivel connection X between the truck and the car-body.

The bolster Lis arranged close to the drivers A and a considerable distance from the small wheels B, so that by far the greater portion of the load is borne by the drivers. It will also be observed that the motor is arranged on the opposite side of the axle A', and

' its weight is borne almost entirely by the drivers. 'lhis arrangement balances or equalizes to some extent the load on the drivers. A segmental plate N is securely bolted to the top of the bolster and projects forwardly therefrom. This plate at its rear end is formed with a curved guide-groove n for a purpose hereinafter described, and at its front endit is formed with an aperture n' for the swivelbolt N. A segmental casting O is secured to the car-body immediately over the plate N. This casting is connected at its front end to a cross-beam O by bolts 0, and at its rear end it is formed with a socket O2, which embraces partially another cross-beam O2. iirmly secure the rear end of the casting O to the beam O3. The casting is provided with a hub or bearing 02 for the swivel-bolt N, and a boss 'n2 projects from the lower end of the hub and enters a corresponding recess n3 in the top of the segmental plate N. At its rear end the casting O is formed with a curved slot O4, struck from the axis of the swivel- Bolts 0/ bolt as a center, and through this slot projects a stud N2, which is secured to the segmental plate N. 'lhis stud is headed, the head being arranged above the plane of the bottom ofthe casting O, as shown in Fig. 7. Its shank is approximately of the same width as the slot O4, but is free to move back and forth therein. The head projects across the curved walls of the slot, thereby locking the two plates when the car is passing a curve, thus preventing the body from leaving the truck; but this slot is widened at its central portion o5 for convenience in assembling the parts.

vNear its rear end under the socket O2 the casting O is formed with a curved oblong block n4, which tits in the groove on the segmental plate N. It will be understood that the plate N is rigidly secured to the bolster L, while the casting O is rigidly secured to the car-body. If now the truck moves over a curve in the track, it will turn relatively to the car-body about the swivelbolt N', and the stud N2 will move in the curved slot O4, and likewise Athe block n will move in the groove n. These devices for providing a swivel connection between the truck and the car-body are strong and durable and permit of a free swiveling of the truck without any looseness which would cause a jar.

Curved chate-plates P are attached to the under side of the car-body over the rollers m. These chate-plates have grooves p, in which the rollers travel, and they are curved in arcs struck from the axis of the swivel-bolt N. All of the bearings for swiveling the car-body and truck together maybe readily kept thoroughly oiled.

The posts L2 are secured at their lower ends 1 below the side frames ofthe truck to halfelliptical leaf-springs Q, which are suspended from the side frames bylinks Q'. One setot' links Q is attached to the side frames near the axle-boxes of the drivers A, while the other set of links is attached to the side frames some distance from the axle-boxes C' of the small wheels. By this arrangement lnore of the load is transmitted to the drivers than to the small wheels, as before explained. The side frames are braced by transverse metallic plates R R. The plate R is formed with right-angled bendsr at its opposite ends, which are turned forwardly and bolted to the side frames, as shown in Fig. 2. The plate R' is bent at lr', forming inclined portions r2 at opposite ends,which extend rearwardly under the bolster, and these portions are again bent at their rear ends where they are secured to the side frames.

The brake-shoes 'S S of the drivers and small wheels, respectively, are arranged inside the wheels. The brake-shoes S on opposite sides of the truck are connected together by a cross-bar or brake-beam s, and this beam is suspended by means of links s from the cross-bar R. In like manner the brake-shoes S' of the small Wheels are con- IIO nected together by a brake-beam s2, which is suspended by means of links sfrom a crossbeam R2, secured to the side frames, as shown in Fig. 2.

It will be observed that the plates R R lie close together throughout the greater portion of their length. The plates R R R2 are braced by castingsT, arranged between them. These castings are formed with sockets t, which embrace the plates R R2, and supplemental castings t are arranged on opposite sides of the plates. Long bolts t2 'extend through the castings T T' and through the plates R R' R2 and firmly unite them, thus making a rigid frame. The links s s3 are pivotally connected with the castings T, these castings being provided with bearings and with pivot-bolts t3 for the purpose.

In order to hold the brake-shoes normally withdrawn from the wheels, I provide springs U, mounted on rods U', attached to the brakebeams s s2. These rods are preferably attached to castings u, which are clamped to the brake-beams and which are also provided with devices for pivotally connecting the links s' s3 with the brake-beams. The rods U are pivoted at u to the castings u and they extend through hangers U2, rigidly se cured to the castings T. The rods U have adjusting-nuts u2 on their outer ends, and the springs U are arranged between the adjusting-nuts and the hangers U2. By this arrangement, as will be readily7 perceived, the

brake-shoes are normally held withdrawn from the wheels.

A lever V is suspended from a casting IV, arranged in the longitudinal axis of the truck between the transverse plates R R2. This casting is shown in detail inFig. 6. The lever V is pivotally connected at -v to ears o', rising from the top of the casting, and eX- tends downwardly therefrom, where it is pivotally connected at c2 to an arm o3, projecting forwardly from a castingI V', attached to the` brake-beam S2.

The main brake-operating lever IV is ar-` ranged in the longitudinal axis of the truck,` its lower end being pivotally connected at tu.

to an arm w, projecting forwardly from the casting W2, attached to the brake-beam s. A link W3 is pivotally connected at w2'to the lever V, between its upper pivot o and its lower pivot r2, and it is pivotally connected at its front end by a pivot w3 to the brakelever W just above its lower pivot w. lThe link may be made adjustable byproviding it with a series of bolt-holes 104. of the lever W extends through a slot in the segmental plate N, and it is adapted to move back and forth and be guided therein. The brake-rod Y is attached to the upper end of the brake-lever W just below the plate N.

It will be observed that the brake-lever V is located close to the swivel-bolt N', so thatl The upper end;

ter what may be the angle of the truck relatively to the car-body, and the use of quadrants commonly employed in this class of trucks is dispensed with.

The brake mechanismis so arranged and the leverage is such that a large proportion of the braking power is applied to the drivers. In the construction shown about seventy per cent. of the braking power is applied to the drivers. In applying the brakes the lever IV rst draws the brake-shoes S against the driving-wheels, and then the continued rearward movement of the lever will push the link W3 rearwardly, and lthus push rearwardly the lever V, thereby pressing the brake-shoes S against the small wheels. i

In Fig. l of the drawings I have shown the supporting-springs of the truck arranged on top ofthe axle-boxes- I prefer, however, especially when it is desired to hang the carbody low, to arrange the supporting-springs below the axle-boxes. An arrangement for this purpose I have shown in Figs. l0 and ll. Here the axle-box Z is formed with a springsupporting frame Z', which depends from the box. This frame or housing is preferably formed integrally with the box, its front and rear ends below the box .being closed, while the opposite sides are open. 4 The supporting l spring or springs Z2 rest on the bottom of the casting, and the upper ends of the Vsprings are arranged within a cap Z3, which is preferably circular in horizontal section and formed with an annular downwardly projecting flange a', surrounding the upper end of the springs. The arms of the pedestal Z4 extend downwardly on opposite sides of the axle-box between the flanges a', formed on the box as con tinuations ofthe spring-supporting frame Z. At their lower ends thearrns of the pedestal are connected by a bolt Z5 with the cap Z5. By this arrangement the truck-frame may behung low on the axle-boxes, and yet a sui'licient lengthot spring may be employed to provide easy'riding.

I have shown in Fig. 1l an improved form of axle-box lid; but this invention is not claimed herein, as it forms thesubject-mat# ter of an application for patent filed by me February .18, 1899.

l. The, combination of the wheels, axles and axle-boxes, the side beams supported by` the axleboxes,and a motor-supporting frame, the opposite ends of which are attached to the ends of the side beams of the truck and are inclined inwardly across the outer-wheel tread-surface toward the longitudinal axis of the truck, whereby contact of the truck with the running-boards is avoided when the truck is turned.

2. The combination ofthe wheels, axles and axle-boxes, side beams supported by the axle-boxes and terminating adjacent to the outer-wheel tread-surface, and a motor-sup- TOD IIO

porting frame, the opposite ends of which are attached to the ends of the side beams of the truck and are inclined inwardly from the ends of the side beams toward the longitudivnal axis of the truck, whereby contact of the the transverse bolster arranged between the wheels close to the drivers, a swivel connection between the car-body and the bolster, posts depending from the bolster and through the side frames and guided thereby, leafsprings below the said frames, to the central portions of which the posts are secured, links suspended from the side frames close to the axle-boxes of the drivers and attached to the front ends of the leaf-springs, and links attached to the side frames and to the opposite ends of the leaf-springs at a considerable distance inwardly from the axle-boxes of the small wheels, the arrangement being such that a larger proportion of the load is borne by the drivers than by the small wheels.

4. The combination with the side frames,

Vof a truck, of a transverse bolster, the downwardly-projecting posts secured to the opposite ends thereof, the roller-brackets mounted on the opposite ends of the bolster, the carbody, curved grooved chafe-plates secured thereto in which the rollers ride, a segmental swivel-plate secured to the bolster, and a swivel-casting secured to the car-body and connected by a swivel-bolt with the segmental plate.

5. The combination of the car-body, the car-truck frame,the transverse bolster mou nted thereon, a plate attached to the bolster, a casting attached to the car-body and having at its front end a hub for the swivel-bolt, a bolt extending through the hub and through an opening in the front end of the swivelplate, a stud on the rear end of said plate extending through a curved slot in the swivelcasting, and-a block on said casting extending into a curved groove in the swivel-plate.

6. The combination with the side frames of a truck, of a transverse bolster, the downwardly-projecting posts secured to the opposite ends thereof, the roller, brackets mounted on the opposite ends of the bolster, the car-body, curved grooved chang-plates secured.` thereto in which the rollers ride, a swivel-plate secured to the bolster, a swivelcasting secured to the car-body and connected by a swivel-bolt with the plate, and coneshaped rollers arranged in the roller-brackets, the axes of which are arranged radially with reference to the swivel-bolt.

7. The combination of the truck-frame, the bolster, the `car-body, a casting secured to the car-body, a plate secured to the bolster, a pivotal connection between the plate and casting, and a longitudinal guide in the plate for the upper end of a brake-operating lever.

S. The combination ofthesidefrarnes of the truck, the car-body, apair of relatively small supporting-wheels, a pair of driving-wheels of larger diameter than the small wheels, the transverse bolster arranged between the wheels close to the drivers, a swivel connection between the car-body and the bolster, over or approximately over the axis of the drivers, posts depending from the bolster and extending through the side frames, leafsprings below the side frames, to the central portion of which the posts are secured, links suspended from the side frames close to the axle-boxes of the drivers, and attached to the front ends of the leaf-springs, and links attached to the side frames and to the opposite ends of the leaf-springs at a considerable distance inwardly from the axle-boxes of the small wheels.

9. The combination of the truck-frame, the car-body, the bolster supported on the truckframe, the plate secured to the bolster and having a headed stud projecting therefrom, and a casting secured to the car-body and provided with a curved slot into which the headed stud projects.

l0. The combination of the truck-frame, the bolster, the car-body, a casting secured to the car-body, a plate secured to the bolster, a pivotal connection between the plate and the casting, a curved oblong block n* on the casting and a groove on the plate into which the block n4 fits.

ll. The combination of the truck-frame, the car-body, the bolster supported on the truck-frame, the plate secured to the bolster and having a headed stud projecting therefrom, a casting secured to the car-body and provided with a curved slot into which the headed stud projects, and a curved oblong block In4 on thecasting fitting a groove on the plate.

In testimony` whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

WILLIAM SEBASTIAN GROFF BAKER.

Witnesses:

A. E. BAKER, DANIEL WV. POWELL. 

